Gas central heating vs Electric heating (heat pump/direct)
Side-by-side comparison, when-to-use-each guide, and instant conversion. Reviewed for 2026.
Lower installation costs, reliable technology, no installation disruption, existing radiator system, new homes not yet on heat pump.
Heat pump: lower long-term running costs, no gas connection, future-proof. Direct electric: no alternative (no gas supply).
| Aspect | Gas central heating | Electric heating (heat pump/direct) |
|---|---|---|
| Upfront cost | ~£2,000-4,000 (boiler replacement) | Heat pump: £6,000-12,000 (less £7,500 BUS grant) |
| Annual running cost | ~£900-1,200 (2026) | Heat pump: ~£700-900 / Direct electric: higher |
| Environmental | Gas: moderate CO₂ | Heat pump: low CO₂ (especially with green electricity) |
| Radiator system | Compatible | Heat pump: may need larger radiators |
| Grant available | — | £7,500 Boiler Upgrade Scheme (2026) |
Frequently asked
Is an air source heat pump worth installing in 2026?
For most homes: yes if you stay 7-10 years and qualify for the £7,500 BUS grant. The payback without the grant is 10-15 years. With the grant, 7-10 years. Well-insulated homes benefit most — in a poorly insulated house, the efficiency drops significantly.
What is a heat pump COP?
COP (Coefficient of Performance) measures heat output per unit of electrical input. A COP of 3.0 means 1 kW of electricity generates 3 kW of heat — effectively 300% efficient (drawing heat from outside air). Modern heat pumps achieve COP 2.5-4.0 in UK conditions, vs gas boilers at ~85-90% efficiency.