TCP vs UDP
Side-by-side comparison, when-to-use-each guide, and instant conversion. Reviewed for 2026.
Web browsing (HTTP/1, HTTP/2), email, file transfer, anything where data loss is unacceptable.
Video streaming (better to skip a frame than pause for retransmission), online gaming, DNS, VoIP, WebRTC.
| Aspect | TCP | UDP |
|---|---|---|
| Reliability | Guaranteed delivery | Best-effort, no guarantee |
| Order | In order | Out-of-order possible |
| Connection | 3-way handshake required | No connection |
| Overhead | Higher (acknowledgements) | Lower |
| Speed | Slower | Faster |
Frequently asked
Is HTTP/3 TCP or UDP?
UDP — specifically QUIC, which runs over UDP and implements its own reliability and ordering layer. This gives the error-recovery of TCP without head-of-line blocking, which is why HTTP/3 is faster on lossy connections (mobile networks).
What happens when a UDP packet drops?
Nothing — the sender is not notified, and the receiver gets a gap in the stream. For video, this causes a brief visual glitch. For gaming, it may cause 'lag' or a missed action. The application is responsible for deciding whether the gap matters.